Version June 2024
| Primary tumor (T) | |||
| T category | T criteria | ||
| TX | Primary tumor cannot be assessed | ||
| T0 | No evidence of primary tumor | ||
| T1 | Tumor ≤2 cm in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid | ||
| T1a | Tumor ≤1 cm in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid | ||
| T1b | Tumor >1 cm but ≤2 cm in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid | ||
| T2 | Tumor >2 cm but <4 cm in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid | ||
| T3 | Tumor ≥4 cm or with extrathyroidal extension | ||
| T3a | Tumor ≥4 cm in greatest dimension limited to the thyroid | ||
| T3b | Tumor of any size with gross extrathyroidal extension invading only strap muscles (sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid or omohyoid muscles) | ||
| T4 | Advanced disease | ||
| T4a | Moderately advanced disease. Tumor of any size with gross extrathyroidal extension into the nearby tissues of the neck, including subcutaneous soft tissue, larynx, trachea, esophagus, or recurrent laryngeal nerve. | ||
| T4b | Very advanced disease. Tumor of any size with extension toward the spine or into nearby large blood vessels, gross extrathyroidal extension invading the prevertebral fascia, or encasing the carotid artery or mediastinal vessels. | ||
| Regional lymph nodes (N) | |||
| N category | N criteria | ||
| NX | Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed | ||
| N0 | No evidence of locoregional lymph node metastasis | ||
| N0a | One or more cytologically or histologically confirmed benign lymph nodes | ||
| N0b | No radiologic or clinical evidence of locoregional lymph node metastasis | ||
| N1 | Metastasis to regional nodes | ||
| N1a | Metastasis to level VI or VII (pretracheal, paratracheal, or prelaryngeal/Delphian, or upper mediastinal) lymph nodes. This can be unilateral or bilateral disease. | ||
| N1b | Metastasis to unilateral, bilateral, or contralateral lateral neck lymph nodes (levels I, II, III, IV, or V) or retropharyngeal lymph nodes | ||
| Distant metastasis (M) | |||
| M category | M criteria | ||
| M0 | No distant metastasis | ||
| M1 | Distant metastasis | ||
| Prognostic stage groups | |||
| When T is... | And N is... | And M is... | Then the stage group is... |
| T1 | N0 | M0 | I |
| T2 | N0 | M0 | II |
| T3 | N0 | M0 | II |
| T1-3 | N1a | M0 | III |
| T4a | Any N | M0 | IVA |
| T1-3 | N1b | M0 | IVA |
| T4b | Any N | M0 | IVB |
| Any T | Any N | M1 | IVC |
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