Epidemiologic clues to the diagnosis of lymphadenopathy

Exposure	Diagnosis
General
Cat	Cat-scratch disease, toxoplasmosis
Undercooked meat	Toxoplasmosis
Tick bite	Lyme disease, tularemia
Tuberculosis	Tuberculous adenitis
Recent blood transfusion or transplant	Cytomegalovirus, HIV
High-risk sexual behavior	HIV, syphilis, herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus, hepatitis B infection
Intravenous drug use	HIV, endocarditis, hepatitis B infection
Occupational
Hunters, trappers	Tularemia
Fishermen, fishmongers, slaughterhouse workers	Erysipeloid
Travel-related
Arizona, southern California, New Mexico, western Texas	Coccidioidomycosis
Southwestern United States	Bubonic plague
Southeastern or central United States	Histoplasmosis
Southeast Asia, India, northern Australia	Scrub typhus
Central or west Africa	African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness)
Central or South America	American trypanosomiasis (Chagas' disease)
East Africa, Mediterranean, China, Latin America	Kala-azar (leishmaniasis)
Mexico, Peru, Chile, India, Pakistan, Egypt, Indonesia	Typhoid fever

HIV: human immunodeficiency virus.

Reproduced with permission from: Ferrer R. Lymphadenopathy: differential diagnosis and evaluation. Am Fam Physician 1998; 58:1313. Copyright © 1998 American Academy of Family Physicians. All rights reserved.

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Epidemiologic clues to the diagnosis of lymphadenopathy