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خرید پکیج
تعداد آیتم قابل مشاهده باقیمانده : 3 مورد
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Screening tests to identify impairments and factors contributing to disability

Screening tests to identify impairments and factors contributing to disability
Measure/maneuver Organ system and impairment assessed Associated functional limitations
Neuromusculoskeletal impairments
Clasp hands behind head and behind back Internal and external rotation and abduction of the shoulder, elbow flexion Dressing (especially upper body), grooming, bathing, and housework
Place ankle on opposite knee External rotation of the hip, hip flexion, and knee flexion Dressing lower body, bathing, toileting
Pick up a penny from the floor
  • To isolate hand function from sitting balance and vision, place penny on table or opposite hand
Pinch strength, sensation and fine motor coordination, sitting balance, vision Cooking, feeding self, grooming, dressing, housework
Chair Rise test
  • Rise from straight chair without using arms. Assess qualitatively and/or time 5 consecutive chair rises
Lower-extremity strength (especially hip and knee) Bathing safety, toilet transfers, falls
Rise on tip toes
  • Test single heel rise in healthy adults, bilateral heel rise in frail older adults
Lower-extremity strength (especially ankle strength), balance Stair climbing, housework, bathing safety, falls
Gentle nudge to the sternum Ankle, hip, and trunk strength; balance Housework, bathing safety, falls
Get Up and Go test
  • Rise and stand from a chair without using arms, walk across room (10 feet), return, sit down
Lower-extremity strength (especially hip and knee); balance; gross motor coordination Mobility, bathing safety, toilet transfers, housework
Two-minute walk test
  • Walk at usual pace for 2 minutes, measure distance
Endurance Community mobility, shopping
Sensory and cognitive impairments
Whisper test High-frequency hearing Short-term memory, social function, telephone use
Read a line of 11- to 12-point font Near vision loss Medication management, reading
Snellen chart Distance vision loss Driving
Geriatric depression screen Mood disorders Short-term memory, social function
Time and Change Test
  • Tell the time from a clock face set at 11:10, make USD $1 in change from 3 quarters, 7 dimes, and 7 nickels
Cognitive impairment Instrumental activities of daily living
Clock Drawing Test
  • Patient draws a clock face and sets hands to 11:10
Executive dysfunction Medication management, financial management, social function
STOPP criteria Potentially inappropriate medications Short-term memory, balance
Contextual factors
Ask "Do you have trouble with stairs inside or outside of your home?" Physical environment and home safety Falls, social function
Ask "How confident are you that you can take a bath or shower or get on and off the toilet without falling?"
  • Scale:
    • 0 = Not confident at all
    • 10 = Completely confident
Physical environment and home safety Falls, hygiene
Ask "Who would be able to help you in case of illness or emergency?" Social support Weight loss, medication management, financial management, social function
Caregiver Burden Scale Caregiver stress Social function
Mini Nutritional Assessment short form Malnutrition Weight loss, physical performance
STOPP: screening tool of older persons' potentially inappropriate prescriptions criteria.
Reproduced with permission from: Colón-Emeric CS, Whitson HE, Pavon J, Hoenig H. Functional decline in older adults. Am Fam Physician. 2013 Sep 15;88(6):388-94. Copyright © 2013 American Academy of Family Physicians.
Graphic 107610 Version 3.0

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