Measure/maneuver | Organ system and impairment assessed | Associated functional limitations |
Neuromusculoskeletal impairments | ||
Clasp hands behind head and behind back | Internal and external rotation and abduction of the shoulder, elbow flexion | Dressing (especially upper body), grooming, bathing, and housework |
Place ankle on opposite knee | External rotation of the hip, hip flexion, and knee flexion | Dressing lower body, bathing, toileting |
Pick up a penny from the floor
| Pinch strength, sensation and fine motor coordination, sitting balance, vision | Cooking, feeding self, grooming, dressing, housework |
Chair Rise test
| Lower-extremity strength (especially hip and knee) | Bathing safety, toilet transfers, falls |
Rise on tip toes
| Lower-extremity strength (especially ankle strength), balance | Stair climbing, housework, bathing safety, falls |
Gentle nudge to the sternum | Ankle, hip, and trunk strength; balance | Housework, bathing safety, falls |
Get Up and Go test
| Lower-extremity strength (especially hip and knee); balance; gross motor coordination | Mobility, bathing safety, toilet transfers, housework |
Two-minute walk test
| Endurance | Community mobility, shopping |
Sensory and cognitive impairments | ||
Whisper test | High-frequency hearing | Short-term memory, social function, telephone use |
Read a line of 11- to 12-point font | Near vision loss | Medication management, reading |
Snellen chart | Distance vision loss | Driving |
Geriatric depression screen | Mood disorders | Short-term memory, social function |
Time and Change Test
| Cognitive impairment | Instrumental activities of daily living |
Clock Drawing Test
| Executive dysfunction | Medication management, financial management, social function |
STOPP criteria | Potentially inappropriate medications | Short-term memory, balance |
Contextual factors | ||
Ask "Do you have trouble with stairs inside or outside of your home?" | Physical environment and home safety | Falls, social function |
Ask "How confident are you that you can take a bath or shower or get on and off the toilet without falling?"
| Physical environment and home safety | Falls, hygiene |
Ask "Who would be able to help you in case of illness or emergency?" | Social support | Weight loss, medication management, financial management, social function |
Caregiver Burden Scale | Caregiver stress | Social function |
Mini Nutritional Assessment short form | Malnutrition | Weight loss, physical performance |
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