Stroke prevention trials in sickle cell disease

Trial	Population	Intervention	Findings	PubMed ID
Primary prevention
STOP-1	Children with abnormal TCDs	Prophylactic transfusions versus observation	Reduction in stroke risk with transfusions	9647873
STOP-2	Children receiving transfusions for abnormal TCDs	Discontinuation of transfusions versus continued transfusions	Increase in stroke risk after discontinuation of transfusions	16382063
SIT	Children with SCI	Prophylactic transfusions versus observation	Reduction in stroke risk with transfusions	25140956
TWiTCH	Children receiving transfusions for abnormal TCDs	Transition to hydroxyurea versus continued transfusions	Stroke risk not increased with transition to hydroxyurea	26670617
Secondary prevention
SWiTCH	Children receiving transfusions for prior stroke	Transition to hydroxyurea versus continued transfusions	Trend towards increased stroke risk with transition to hydroxyurea	22318199

Only randomized trials are listed. Refer to UpToDate content on stroke prevention in sickle cell disease for our approach as well as further important information about these trials and discussions of other evidence to guide therapy.

STOP: stroke prevention in sickle cell anemia; SIT: silent infarct transfusion; TWiTCH: TCD with transfusions changing to hydroxyurea; SWiTCH: stroke with transfusions changing to hydroxyurea; TCD: transcranial Doppler; SCI: silent cerebral infarction.

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Stroke prevention trials in sickle cell disease