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Clinical importance of blood group antigens

Clinical importance of blood group antigens
Blood group system Commonly recognized antigens Function Tissue distribution Clinical importance of antigen Clinical importance of antibodies
ABO A, B, H   RBCs, platelets, endothelial and epithelial tissues Matched for tissue transplantation HTR
Rh D, C, c, E, e   RBCs   HTR, HDFN
Duffy FY1 (Fya), FY2 (Fyb) Chemokine receptor RBCs, endothelial and some epithelial cells (lung, kidney), Purkinje cells of cerebellum Receptor for certain malaria species (Plasmodium vivax, P. knowlesi) HTR, HDFN
Glob P, LKE   RBCs, epithelial and non-hematopoietic tissues Receptor for Shiga toxins, E. coli, S. Suis (brucellosis), parvovirus B19 Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria resulting from autoantibodies to P
I I, i   All cell membranes   Autoimmune hemolytic anemia following infectious illness
Kell K (KEL1), k (KEL2)   RBCs   HTR, HDFN
Kidd JK1 (Jka), JK2 (Jkb) Urea transporter RBCs, renal medulla   HTR, HDFN (rare)
Lutheran LU1 (LUa), LU2 (LUb), LU6/LU9, LU8/LU14   RBCs, endothelium, basal layer of epithelium Possible role in RBC adhesion in sickle cell disease  
MNSs M or N, S or s Chaperonin RBCs Receptor for malaria species P. falciparum HTR, HDFN
Refer to UpToDate for further information.
RBC: red blood cell; HTR: hemolytic transfusion reaction; HDFN: hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn.
Adapted from:
  1. Daniels G, Reid ME. Blood groups: the past 50 years. Transfusion 2010; 50:281.
  2. Denomme GA. The structure and function of the molecules that carry human red blood cell and platelet antigens. Transfus Med Rev 2004; 18:203.
  3. Flegel WA. Pathogenesis and mechanisms of antibody-mediated hemolysis. Transfusion 2015; 55 Suppl 2:S47.
Graphic 106849 Version 4.0

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