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Distinguishing between ocular toxocariasis and retinoblastoma

Distinguishing between ocular toxocariasis and retinoblastoma
Parameter Description
Ocular toxocariasis Retinoblastoma
Morphology Centrally located mass with moderate enhancement revealed by MRI Nodular in contour and lies along the posterior pole of the globe
Enhancement Moderate uveoscleral enhancement or enhancement of a granuloma Usually characterized by moderate or avid enhancement
Calcification Rare Punctate or speckled calcification in more than 90 percent of cases
Demographics Patients usually 5 to 10 years of age Observed before 5 years of age in more than 90 percent of cases, average age at diagnosis is approximately 18 months
Signs and complications Usually presents with unilateral visual loss, and pain and redness are common presenting symptoms Leukocoria in more than half of cases; strabismus is the second most common presentation, occurring in approximately 20 percent of cases
MRI: magnetic resonance imaging.
From: Fan CK, Holland CV, Loxton K, Barghouth U. Cerebral toxocariasis: Silent progression to neurodegenerative disorders? Clin Microbiol Rev 2015; 28(3):663-86. DOI: 10.1128/CMR.00106-14. Reproduced with permission from American Society for Microbiology. Copyright © 2015.
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