Infections associated with microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia

Pathogens	Examples
Bacteria	Gram positives, Rickettsiae, Borrelia, Brucella, Chlamydia, Clostridium difficile, Ehrlichia, Legionella, Leptospira, Mycobacteria, Rocky Mountain spotted fever
Viruses	Cytomegalovirus, hepatitis viruses, HIV, Influenza A, Parvovirus B19, Varicella zoster, HHV6, EBV, Dengue, Coxsackie virus, noroviruses
Fungi	Aspergillus, Blastomyces, Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans
RBC parasites	Babesia, malaria

Refer to UpToDate topics on thrombotic microangiopathies and individual organisms for further details of diagnosis and management.

MAHA: microangiopathic hemolytic anemia; HIV: human immunodeficiency virus; HHV6: human herpesvirus 6; EBV: Epstein-Barr virus; RBC: red blood cell.

Adapted from:
1. Booth KK, Terrell DR, Vesely SK, George JN. Systemic infections mimicking thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Am J Hematol 2011; 86:743.
2. Nester CM, Barbour T, de Cordoba SR, et al. Atypical aHUS: State of the art. Mol Immunol 2015; 67:31.

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Infections associated with microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia