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Gastrointestinal Mold Infection
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac193
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 11, 1 June 2022, Pages i–ii
Evaluating the Neutralizing Ability of a CpG-Adjuvanted S-2P Subunit Vaccine Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Variants of Concern
Chia-En Lien, Tsun-Yung Kuo, Yi-Jiun Lin, Wei-Cheng Lian, Meei-Yun Lin, Luke Tzu-Chi Liu, Jinyi Cheng, Yu-Chi Chou, Charles Chen
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab711
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 11, 1 June 2022, Pages 1899–1905
Variants of concern (VoCs) have the potential to diminish the neutralizing capacity of antibodies elicited by vaccines. MVC-COV1901 is a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine consisting of recombinant prefusion stabilized spike protein S-2P adjuvanted with CpG 1018 and aluminum hydroxide. We explored the effectiveness of MVC-COV1901 against the VoCs.
Enteric Illness Outbreaks Reported Through the National Outbreak Reporting System—United States, 2009–2019
Mary E Wikswo, Virginia Roberts, Zachary Marsh, Karunya Manikonda, Brigette Gleason, Anita Kambhampati, Claire Mattison, Laura Calderwood, Neha Balachandran, Cristina Cardemil, Aron J Hall
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab771
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 11, 1 June 2022, Pages 1906–1913
The National Outbreak Reporting System (NORS) captures data on foodborne, waterborne, and enteric illness outbreaks in the United States. This study describes enteric illness outbreaks reported during 11 years of surveillance.
Evolution of Fatty Liver Disease and Relationship With Lipoproteins and Clinical Outcomes in Hepatitis B/Human Immunodeficiency Virus Coinfection
Mandana Khalili, Wendy C King, David E Kleiner, Raymond T Chung, Atul K Bhan, Marc G Ghany, Mark S Sulkowski, Mauricio Lisker-Melman, Mamta K Jain, Harry L A Janssen, Amanda S Hinerman, Arun J Sanyal, Richard K Sterling
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab764
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 11, 1 June 2022, Pages 1914–1924,
Fatty liver disease (FLD) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection occur commonly in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). FLD resolution is associated with improvement in lipoproteins in HIV-uninfected patients. We evaluated changes in FLD in an HBV/HIV-coinfected cohort.
Pradefovir Treatment in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B: Week 24 Results From a Multicenter, Double-Blind, Randomized, Noninferiority, Phase 2 Trial
Yanhang Gao, Fei Kong, Xinwen Song, Jia Shang, Lvfeng Yao, Jinyu Xia, Yanzhong Peng, Weidong Liu, Huanyu Gong, Mao Mu, Hesong Cui, Tao Han, Wen Chen, Xiaolu Wu, Yongfeng Yang, Xuebing Yan, Zhenjing Jin, Peng Wang, Qingjing Zhu, Liang Chen, Caiyan Zhao, Dengke Zhang, Weili Jin, Daidi Wang, Xiuhong Wen, Chunmei Liu, Jidong Jia, Qing Mao, Yanhua Ding, Xueyuan Jin, Zong Zhang, Qianguo Mao, Guangming Li, Junqi Niu
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab763
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 11, 1 June 2022, Pages 1925–1932
Pradefovir is a liver-targeted prodrug of adefovir, a nucleoside/nucleotide analogue with antiviral activity against hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA polymerase. This phase 2 study compared the efficacy and safety of oral pradefovir (30, 45, 60, or 75 mg) versus tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF; 300 mg) and aimed to identify the most appropriate dose of pradefovir for the forthcoming phase 3 study.
Intravenous Injection of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA Vaccine Can Induce Acute Myopericarditis in Mouse Model
Can Li, Yanxia Chen, Yan Zhao, David Christopher Lung, Zhanhong Ye, Wenchen Song, Fei-Fei Liu, Jian-Piao Cai, Wan-Man Wong, Cyril Chik-Yan Yip, Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan, Kelvin Kai-Wang To, Siddharth Sridhar, Ivan Fan-Ngai Hung, Hin Chu, Kin-Hang Kok, Dong-Yan Jin, Anna Jinxia Zhang, Kwok-Yung Yuen
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab707
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 11, 1 June 2022, Pages 1933–1950
Post-vaccination myopericarditis is reported after immunization with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines. The effect of inadvertent intravenous injection of this vaccine on the heart is unknown.
Insights From a Murine Model of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA Vaccination-Induced Myopericarditis: Could Accidental Intravenous Vaccine Injection Induce Myopericarditis?
Kirk U Knowlton
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab741
Twelve-Month Systemic Consequences of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Patients Discharged From Hospital: A Prospective Cohort Study in Wuhan, China
Tingting Liu, Di Wu, Weiming Yan, Xiaojing Wang, Xiaoyun Zhang, Ke Ma, Huilong Chen, Zhilin Zeng, Yuanyuan Qin, Hongwu Wang, Mingyou Xing, Dong Xu, Weina Li, Ming Ni, Lin Zhu, Liang Chen, Guang Chen, Weipeng Qi, Ting Wu, Haijing Yu, Jiaquan Huang, Meifang Han, Wenzhen Zhu, Wei Guo, Xiaoping Luo, Tao Chen, Qin Ning
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab703
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 11, 1 June 2022, Pages 1953–1965
Follow-up study of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) survivors has rarely been reported. We aimed to investigate longitudinal changes in the characteristics of COVID-19 survivors after discharge.
Universal Lifelong Fungal Prophylaxis and Risk of Coccidioidomycosis in Lung Transplant Recipients Living in an Endemic Area
Clover N Truong, Michael D Nailor, Rajat Walia, Lauren Cherrier, Aasya Nasar, Kellie J Goodlet
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab752
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 11, 1 June 2022, Pages 1966–1971
Lung transplant recipients residing in the endemic region are vulnerable to severe morbidity and mortality from Coccidioides. As infection risk persists beyond the first posttransplant year, investigations evaluating extended prophylaxis durations are needed. The purpose of this study is to assess the incidence of coccidioidomycosis among lung transplant recipients receiving universal lifelong azole antifungal prophylaxis.
Human Filariasis in Travelers and Migrants: A Retrospective 25-year Analysis at the Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
Emmanuel Bottieau, Ralph Huits, Steven Van Den Broucke, Ula Maniewski, Steven Declercq, Isabel Brosius, Caroline Theunissen, Anne-Marie Feyens, Marjan Van Esbroeck, Johan van Griensven, Jan Clerinx, Patrick Soentjens
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab751
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 11, 1 June 2022, Pages 1972–1978
Information on human filariasis in international travelers is scarce. We describe the epidemiology, clinical presentation, and outcome of these infections in a reference travel clinic over the past decades.
Ibrexafungerp Versus Placebo for Vulvovaginal Candidiasis Treatment: A Phase 3, Randomized, Controlled Superiority Trial (VANISH 303)
Jane R Schwebke, Ryan Sobel, Janet K Gersten, Steven A Sussman, Samuel N Lederman, Mark A Jacobs, B Todd Chappell, David L Weinstein, Alfred H Moffett, Jr, Nkechi E Azie, David A Angulo, Itzel A Harriott, Katyna Borroto-Esoda, Mahmoud A Ghannoum, Paul Nyirjesy, Jack D Sobel
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab750
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 11, 1 June 2022, Pages 1979–1985
Current treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is largely limited to azole therapy. Ibrexafungerp is a first-in-class triterpenoid antifungal with broad-spectrum anti-Candida fungicidal activity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ibrexafungerp compared with placebo in patients with acute VVC.
Impact of Antibiotic Stewardship Rounds in the Intensive Care Setting: A Prospective Cluster-Randomized Crossover Study
Jessica L Seidelman, Nicholas A Turner, Rebekah H Wrenn, Christina Sarubbi, Deverick J Anderson, Daniel J Sexton, Rebekah W Moehring
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab747
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 11, 1 June 2022, Pages 1986–1992
Few groups have formally studied the effect of dedicated antibiotic stewardship rounds (ASRs) on antibiotic use (AU) in intensive care units (ICUs).
Spatial and Genomic Data to Characterize Endemic Typhoid Transmission
Jillian S Gauld, Franziska Olgemoeller, Eva Heinz, Rose Nkhata, Sithembile Bilima, Alexander M Wailan, Neil Kennedy, Jane Mallewa, Melita A Gordon, Jonathan M Read, Robert S Heyderman, Nicholas R Thomson, Peter J Diggle, Nicholas A Feasey
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab745
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 11, 1 June 2022, Pages 1993–2000
Diverse environmental exposures and risk factors have been implicated in the transmission of Salmonella Typhi, but the dominant transmission pathways through the environment to susceptible humans remain unknown. Here, we use spatial, bacterial genomic, and hydrological data to refine our view of typhoid transmission in an endemic setting.
Maternal Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Drug Resistance Is Associated With Vertical Transmission and Is Prevalent in Infected Infants
Ceejay L Boyce, Tatiana Sils, Daisy Ko, Annie Wong-on-Wing, Ingrid A Beck, Sheila M Styrchak, Patricia DeMarrais, Camlin Tierney, Lynda Stranix-Chibanda, Patricia M Flynn, Taha E Taha, Maxensia Owor, Mary Glenn Fowler, Lisa M Frenkel
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab744
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 11, 1 June 2022, Pages 2001–2009
We aimed to assess if maternal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) drug resistance is associated with an increased risk of HIV vertical transmission and to describe the dynamics of drug resistance in HIV-infected infants.
National Landscape of Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Positive Deceased Organ Donors in the United States
William A Werbel, Diane M Brown, Oyinkansola T Kusemiju, Brianna L Doby, Shanti M Seaman, Andrew D Redd, Yolanda Eby, Reinaldo E Fernandez, Niraj M Desai, Jernelle Miller, Gilad A Bismut, Charles S Kirby, Haley A Schmidt, William A Clarke, Michael Seisa, Christos J Petropoulos, Thomas C Quinn, Sander S Florman, Shirish Huprikar, Meenakshi M Rana, Rachel J Friedman-Moraco, Aneesh K Mehta, Peter G Stock, Jennifer C Price, Valentina Stosor, Shikha G Mehta, Alexander J Gilbert, Nahel Elias, Michele I Morris, Sapna A Mehta, Catherine B Small, Ghady Haidar, Maricar Malinis, Jennifer S Husson, Marcus R Pereira, Gaurav Gupta, Jonathan Hand, Varvara A Kirchner, Avinash Agarwal, Saima Aslam, Emily A Blumberg, Cameron R Wolfe, Kevin Myer, R Patrick Wood, Nikole Neidlinger, Sara Strell, Marion Shuck, Harry Wilkins, Matthew Wadsworth, Jennifer D Motter, Jonah Odim, Dorry L Segev, Christine M Durand, Aaron A R Tobian, HOPE in Action Investigators
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab743
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 11, 1 June 2022, Pages 2010–2019
Microbial Cell-Free DNA Identifies Etiology of Bloodstream Infections, Persists Longer Than Conventional Blood Cultures, and Its Duration of Detection Is Associated With Metastatic Infection in Patients With Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-Negative Bacteremia
Emily M Eichenberger, Christiaan R de Vries, Felicia Ruffin, Batu Sharma-Kuinkel, Lawrence Park, David Hong, Erick R Scott, Lily Blair, Nicholas Degner, Desiree H Hollemon, Timothy A Blauwkamp, Carine Ho, Hon Seng, Pratik Shah, Lisa Wanda, Vance G Fowler, Jr, Asim A Ahmed
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab742
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 11, 1 June 2022, Pages 2020–2027,
Microbial cell-free DNA (mcfDNA) sequencing of plasma can identify the presence of a pathogen in a host. In this study, we evaluated the duration of pathogen detection by mcfDNA sequencing vs conventional blood culture in patients with bacteremia.
External Validation and Comparison of Clostridioides difficile Severity Scoring Systems
D Alexander Perry, Daniel Shirley, Dejan Micic, Pratish C Patel, Rosemary Putler, Anitha Menon, Vincent B Young, Krishna Rao
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab737
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 11, 1 June 2022, Pages 2028–2035
Many models have been developed to predict severe outcomes from Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). These models are usually developed at a single institution and largely are not externally validated. Our aim in this study was to validate previously published risk scores in a multicenter cohort of patients with CDI.
Vitamin D Concentrations in Infancy and the Risk of Tuberculosis Disease in Childhood: A Prospective Birth Cohort in Cape Town, South Africa
Leonardo Martinez, Jabulani R Ncayiyana, Elizabeth Goddard, Maresa Botha, Lesley Workman, Tiffany Burd, Landon Myer, Mark P Nicol, Heather J Zar
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab735
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 11, 1 June 2022, Pages 2036–2043
Low vitamin D levels may increase the risk of tuberculosis disease; however, previous observational cohort studies showed variable results. We investigated the relationship between vitamin D levels in infancy and subsequent development of tuberculosis disease throughout childhood.
ABX464 Decreases the Total Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Reservoir and HIV Transcription Initiation in CD4+ T Cells From Antiretroviral Therapy–Suppressed Individuals Living With HIV
Sara Moron-Lopez, Silvia Bernal, Joseph K Wong, Javier Martinez-Picado, Steven A Yukl
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab733
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 11, 1 June 2022, Pages 2044–2049
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) intensification and disruption of latency have been suggested as strategies to eradicate HIV. ABX464 is a novel antiviral that inhibits HIV RNA biogenesis. We investigated its effect on HIV transcription and total and intact HIV DNA in CD4+ T cells from ART-suppressed participants enrolled in the ABIVAX-005 clinical trial (NCT02990325).
Defining Antibiotic Inertia: Application of a Focused Clinical Scenario Survey to Illuminate A New Target for Antimicrobial Stewardship During Transitions of Care
Kirstin Kooda, Fernanda Bellolio, Ross Dierkhising, Aaron J Tande
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab872
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 11, 1 June 2022, Pages 2050–2052,
In clinical scenario surveys, inpatient providers were more likely to report continuing inappropriate (odds ratio, 2.02 [95% confidence interval, 1.35–3.03]; P<.001) or broad-spectrum (1.8 [1.27–2.56]; P=.001) antibiotic therapy when initiated by emergency department providers, than to change to appropriate or narrow-spectrum therapy, respectively. Antibiotic inertia could represent a significant antibiotic stewardship target.
Association of E484K Spike Protein Mutation With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection in Vaccinated Persons: Maryland, January–May 2021
Kenneth A Feder, Ami Patel, Venkata R Vepachedu, Catherine Dominguez, Eric N Keller, Liore Klein, Curi Kim, Tim Blood, Judie Hyun, Thelonious W Williams, Katherine A Feldman, Heba H Mostafa, C Paul Morris, Jacques Ravel, Monique Duwell, David Blythe, Robert Myers
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab762
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 11, 1 June 2022, Pages 2053–2056
Among 9048 people infected with SARS-CoV-2 between January and May 2021 in Maryland, in regression-adjusted analysis, SARS-CoV-2 viruses carrying the spike protein mutation E484K were disproportionately prevalent among persons infected after full vaccination against COVID-19 compared with infected persons who were not fully vaccinated (aOR, 1.96; 95% CI: 1.36–2.83).
Rapid Emergence and Spread of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Gamma (P.1) Variant in Haiti
Massimiliano S Tagliamonte, Carla Mavian, Kayvan Zainabadi, Melanie N Cash, John A Lednicky, Brittany Rife Magalis, Alberto Riva, Marie Marcelle Deschamps, Bernard Liautaud, Vanessa Rouzier, Daniel W Fitzgerald, Jean William Pape, J Glenn Morris, Jr, Marco Salemi
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab736
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 11, 1 June 2022, Pages 2057–2060
After an initial wave of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Haiti in summer 2020 (primarily lineage B.1), seropositivity for anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) immunoglobulin G (IgG) was ~40%. Variant P.1 (gamma) was introduced in February 2021, with an initially limited introduction followed by exponential local dissemination within this unvaccinated population with prior exposure to earlier SARS-CoV-2 lineages.
FDA Public Workshop Summary—Coccidioidomycosis (Valley Fever): Considerations for Development of Antifungal Drugs
Elizabeth O’Shaughnessy, Yuliya Yasinskaya, Cheryl Dixon, Karen Higgins, Jason Moore, Kellie Reynolds, Neil M Ampel, David Angulo, Janis E Blair, Antonino Catanzaro, John N Galgiani, Edward Garvey, Royce Johnson, David J Larwood, Gareth Lewis, Rob Purdie, John H Rex, Lisa F Shubitz, David A Stevens, Stephen J Page, Sunita J Shukla, John J Farley, Sumathi Nambiar
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab904
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 11, 1 June 2022, Pages 2061–2066
Coccidioidomycosis is a fungal disease endemic to the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central and South America. Prevalence rates are increasing steadily, and new endemic areas of Coccidioides are emerging. Standard treatment is often administered for months to decades, and intolerance to medications and treatment failures are common.
Utility and Applicability of Rapid Diagnostic Testing in Antimicrobial Stewardship in the Asia-Pacific Region: A Delphi Consensus
Anucha Apisarnthanarak, Hong Bin Kim, Luke S P Moore, Yonghong Xiao, Sanjeev Singh, Yohei Doi, Andrea Lay-Hoon Kwa, Sasheela Sri La Sri Ponnampalavanar, Qing Cao, Shin-Woo Kim, Hyukmin Lee, Pitak Santanirand
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab910
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 11, 1 June 2022, Pages 2067–2076
Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) facilitate fast and accurate identification of infectious disease microorganisms and are a valuable component of multimodal antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programs but are currently underutilized in the Asia-Pacific region.
A 25-Year-Old Senegalese Man With Proctitis and Chronic Back Pain
Carlos Hernández-Cerón, Coral Tejido-Sandoval, Pablo Arrojo-Alonso, Natalia De Vicente-Bielza, Pedro Luis Prieto-Casal, Ricardo Fernández-RodrÃguez
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab778
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 11, 1 June 2022, Pages 2077–2080
Declined Mortality Due to Seasonal Influenza in Japan During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic
Nobuyuki Horita, Hideaki Kato, Keisuke Watanabe, Yu Hara, Nobuaki Kobayashi, Takeshi Kaneko
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab922
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 11, 1 June 2022, Page 2081
A Review of Adverse Events From the Use of Diphtheria Antitoxin (DAT) in the United States, 2004–2019
Valerie D Bampoe, Haley C Boswell, Yon C Yu, Anna M Acosta
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab899
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 11, 1 June 2022, Pages 2082–2083
Lack of Antinuclear Antibodies in Convalescent Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients With Persistent Symptoms
Michael J Peluso, Isaac J Thomas, Sadie E Munter, Steven G Deeks, Timothy J Henrich
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab890
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 11, 1 June 2022, Pages 2083–2084
Reply to Peluso et al
Jessica Seeßle, Cord Naujokat, Phil Oberacker, Wolf-Henning Peters, Tim Waterboer, Barbara Müller, Uta Merle
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab892
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 74, Issue 11, 1 June 2022, Pages 2084–2085
